Abstract
In the residential districts built after the Second World War, the qualities of landscapes are not, in most cases, taken into account in understanding projects nor are they considered as a resource in renovation projects except as a “compensatory greening” once the main spaces have been divided, privatized and fenced off. We suggest considering this residential landscape heritage as a potentially structuring one, through the landscape approach, based on three levels for interpreting space: that of the relation to the geographic and urban site; that of the neighborhood defined by its open and public spaces; and lastly, that of the materiality of places and practices. We see it as relevant since it is more global and adapted to the current context of projects.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Modern housing, Mass housing, Post-war housing, French modern architecture, Modern landscapes.

Issue 54
Year 2016
Pages 72-77
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/54.A.06J4IEKA

Abstract
The project for the renovation of the Willy Van Der Meeren apartment building known as Ieder Zijn Huis [“A House for Everyone”], in Brussels, raises a question that is crucial for the conservation of modern work using prefabrication techniques. The debate focuses on the original design and construction values, and above all on how best to keep them alive and contemporary despite the building's age and changing standards and techniques. In the wording of the renovation specifications, the project owner — the public company Beliris — laid stress on the importance of preserving the architectural qualities: “Given the building's importance in the architectural heritage, the renovation must reflect the original ideas of the designer, Willy Van Der Meeren”. The point of the call for tenders was to establish an approach for the work that conserves the structure's architectural principles in terms of appearance and structural articulation, while making renovated apartments available that meet today's standards. The architecture firm Origin decided to focus on the building's values and on the comfort and convenience of the accommodation, while pursuing further the conceptual direction taken by the original designer. This meant exploring all the building's architectural and structural aspects in order to successfully showcase its qualities.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Modern housing, Mass housing, Post-war housing, Willy Van Der Meeren, Ieder Zijn Huis, Belgian modern architecture.

Issue 54
Year 2016
Pages 66-71
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/54.A.JG9AW7GL

Abstract
Now that Le Corbusier's architectural oeuvre has been nominated for the third time for inclusion in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, it is useful to revisit one of his icons built in the aftermath of World War II: the Unité d’Habitation in Marseille. Far from wishing to retrace the genesis of this outstanding building, it is a different story that I would like to sketch out here. Less well known, it is, however, fundamental to the material understanding and conservation of modern architecture. It is a history of the many repairs and other restoration projects that have accompanied this monument of 20th century architecture ever since its inception.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Modern housing, Mass housing, Post-war housing, Unité d’habitation, French modern architecture, Le Corbusier.

Issue 54
Year 2016
Pages 60-65
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/54.A.MVLPSYLX

Abstract
The Corviale is one of the most controversial pieces of 20th century Roman architecture, having been simultaneously debated, demonized, mythologized, loved and hated. The architecture is unquestionably extraordinary, and not only for its size. The complex, comprised of public housing and services for more than 8,000 residents, was designed between 1972 and 1974 by Mario Fiorentino, along with a large group of associates, and was built in the following ten years. As a result of deterioration due to its incompletion, lack of maintenance, continuous squatting and difficulties for diverse residents to coexist, the Corviale has, for years, represented the manifesto of disastrous public housing policies in Italy

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Modern housing, Mass housing, Post-war housing, Corviale, Italian modern architecture, Mario Fiorentino.

Issue 54
Year 2016
Pages 44-51
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/54.A.11EM7W13

Abstract
The prototype “EH, evolutionary building” at Solomeo by the design team Piano & Rice Engineers and Architects Vibrocemento Perugia s.p.a. is an example of the experimental design of residential buildings for emergency situations and represents a crucial phase of transition from traditional prefabrication to open prefabrication. Built on the basis of the project prepared for the competition held following the disastrous 1976 earthquake in Friuli, many of the ideas tested in the prototype were later used to construct the RIGO housing estate at Corciano. The text describes the architectural study and guidelines for the protection and reuse of this significant modernist building, today abandoned.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Modern housing, Mass housing, Post-war housing, Evolutionary Building, Prototype Housing, Italian modern architecture, Renzo Piano, Peter Rice.

Issue 54
Year 2016
Pages 36-43
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/54.A.TBB9DHOC

Abstract
Marked by numerous setbacks, the history of the GEAI housing estate La Grand'Mare in Rouen is troubled, even highly controversial. It clearly epitomizes the twists and turns in the debate over the preservation of postwar architecture, whose “industrialized” (often meaning “experimental”) dimension, is mistakenly made the excuse for its demolition. This is exemplified by the uncertain future of this now badly amputated pioneering housing complex, designed by Marcel Lods and his fellow architects.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Modern housing, Mass housing, Post-war housing, La Grand’Mare, GEAI Housing Estate, French modern architecture, Marcel Lods.

Issue 54
Year 2016
Pages 28-35
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/54.A.Z5I3RILI

Abstract
The Cité de l’Etoile, in Bobigny, design by Candilis Josic and Woods (1954–1963) is one of the housing estates, results of the french national competition named opération Million. Commissioned by Emmaüs, the 737 homes are a kind of synthesis of the experiments of Candilis in Marocco and the city planning thinking of the team. The demolition planned in 2008 has been avoided and the Cité de l’Etoile has been labelled 20th century heritage. The rehabilitation project brings to light the contradictions of an highly conflicting situation. Between blind demolition and a well-thought out project of restoration the question of the safeguard of collective social housing complex of the second half of the 20th century is still waiting solutions.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Modern housing, Mass housing, Post-war housing, Cité de l’Etoile, French modern architecture, Candilis Josic and Woods, Opération Million.

Issue 54
Year 2016
Pages 22-27
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/54.A.EIFINC14