Abstract
This essay will exam the Modern Movement in Cambodia through architecture, known as New Khmer Architecture, from 1953 to 1970, that has distinct continuum characteristics from vernacular architecture, like other Modern Movement architecture in Southeast Asia, because of socio-political movements and cultural engagement.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Southeast Asian architecture, Modern urban planning, Tropical architecture, Cambodian modern architecture, New Khmer Architecture.

Issue 57
Year 2017
Pages 12-19
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/57.A.UHKJCPEU

Abstract
After 46 years of continuous use, Mies van der Rohe's Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin closed its doors to start works on its refurbishment. Being a masterpiece of the second half of the 20th century, conventional standards in terms of dealing with high-level heritage must be adhered to. The quality of this refurbishment can be found in the project’s holistic approach. Not only by taking into account the visual integrity but also by paying attention to its physical substance, time-bound and classical elements, the added value of the project is created.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Mies van der Rohe, International Style, Rehabilitation of modern architecture, Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin modern architecture.

Issue 56
Year 2017
Pages 78-85
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/56.A.ZQN4MORP

Abstract
Perhaps no building designed by Mies van der Rohe better exemplifies his dictum, “less is more”, than Carr Chapel. Its rectangular prismatic form and unadorned architecture led to its being called “the God Box” by the students it served at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT). When a building is so simple and direct, every little detail needs to understood and attended to with great care in its conservation treatment. Combined with a chronic lack of funding, a seemingly simple project can become quite challenging and take over a decade to complete.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Mies van der Rohe, International Style, Rehabilitation of modern architecture, Carr Chapel, Modern churches, Chicago modern architecture.

Issue 56
Year 2017
Pages 72-77
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/56.A.XGYKZG7I

Abstract
This essay documents the research of restoration and modifications to Mies van der Rohe’s masterwork, Crown Hall, the heart of the Chicago campus of the Illinois Institute of Technology. Restoration was necessitated by 5 decades of use during which the building had fallen into major disrepair. During the restoration, practical and philosophical issues arose from the building’s landmark designation by regional and national authorities. The essay describes the forensic research that preceded design, investigation and selection of alternate materials modifications to the building envelope. This includes a detailed description of modifications balancing original materials and systems with current codes. The essay concludes by placing the restoration of Crown Hall in the larger context of preservation of modern buildings and the threat to these works which, unlike Crown Hall, are rarely protected by landmark designation.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Mies van der Rohe, International Style, Rehabilitation of modern architecture, Chicago modern architecture, S. R. Crown Hall.

Issue 56
Year 2017
Pages 64-71
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/56.A.N8D72OPN

Abstract
The German Pavilion for the 1929 Barcelona International Exhibition was part of a much larger exhibiting sequence, which Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich constructed following their main undertaking in the Barcelona industrial exhibits: to design the entire German section. By the time Mies van der Rohe started the project of the German Pavilion, he had already been working for more than 4 months on the construction of the identity and representation of the strength of the German industrial fabric, which he would architecturally express in the interior design of 8 neoclassical palaces. Hence, the two most innovative architectural elements of the German Pavilion – the milky color double-glazed wall and the chrome-plated cross-shaped posts – can be traced back to the interiors of these palaces. The 16,000 m2 of industrial exhibits, not reconstructed in 1986, form today the immaterial heritage that underpins the historical relevance of the Barcelona Pavilion. 3 documents, including a sequence from the official exhibition film, preserve the order linking the range of Mies van der Rohe’s work in Barcelona and broaden the historical meaning of one of the most important works of architectural modernism.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Mies van der Rohe, International Style, Rehabilitation of modern architecture, German Pavilion, Barcelona Pavilion, Modern architecture exhibition.

Issue 56
Year 2017
Pages 56-63
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/56.A.UY5O2BW6

Abstract
Following a thorough and pioneering conservation-science study, the Tugendhat House was restored between 2010 and 2012. The house of Greta and Fritz Tugendhat, in Brno, designed by Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich (1928-1929), is the single example of modern architecture in the Czech Republic inscribed in the list of UNESCO World Cultural Heritage sites. After an intense and dramatic life with different uses, the house received an outstanding restoration which brought back its original form, space and materiality, and was opened to the public as a House-Museum. This paper aims to bring light to this fascinating story based on the book Tugendhat House. Ludwig Mies van der Rohle by Daniela Hammer-Tugendhat, Ivo Hammer and Wolf Tegethoff (Basel, Birkhäuser Verlag GmbH, 2015), namely on Daniela Hammer-Tugendhat statements and on the experience of the members of the International Expert Advisory Commission THICOM.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Mies van der Rohe, International Style, Rehabilitation of modern architecture, Czech Republican modern architecture, Tugendhat House.

Issue 56
Year 2017
Pages 44-55
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/56.A.PN6S7PFN

Abstract
Mies 1:1 The Golf Club Project (Krefeld, Germany, May-October 2013) was an exhibition consisting of an architectural model on a 1:1 scale which could be viewed and accessed physically. Christiane Lange and the initiative Projekt MIK e.V. built the model together with Ghent-based architects Robbrecht en Daem according to the plans for the clubhouse at Krefeld Golf Club. These were drawn up by Mies van der Rohe in 1930, but never implemented. This article depicts the development and the course of the project as well as the conceptional involvement of the participants within the context of Mies van der Rohe’s oeuvre, the debate regarding reconstruction and the goals of the exhibition

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Mies van der Rohe, International Style, Rehabilitation of modern architecture, Modern architecture exhibition, The Golf Club Project.

Issue 56
Year 2017
Pages 34-43
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/56.A.BSAXIW9P

Abstract
In the few written sources about Mies van der Rohe’s Krefeld silk factory, Verseidag (1930–1938), the urban layout and building design have been repeatedly compared with his Campus master plan for the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago (IIT) (1939–41). New research based on rediscovered plan material from Krefeld allow for a detailed description of the historic development of the Verseidag plant, including the identification of master plans, later deviations and their abandonment. With this knowledge, a substantial comparison of the two projects may be established that shows surprisingly strong parallels both in their urban form and their later transformations.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Mies van der Rohe, International Style, Rehabilitation of modern architecture, USA modern architecture, Illinois Institute of Technology, Verseidag Silk Factory.

Issue 56
Year 2017
Pages 26-33
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/56.A.948U7VTJ

Abstract
Although the buildings for the Verseidag silk factory, in Krefeld, Germany, are the only factory buildings that Mies van der Rohe ever planned and built (1931-38), many open questions remain about the history and development of the site. The paper presents new research results on the architectural history and materiality of the site that are derived from detailed documentation on site and analysis of newly available archive material. The scientific results and the acquired knowledge directly influence the current restoration of the buildings, in which the key characteristics designed by Mies van der Rohe are preserved and restored.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Mies van der Rohe, International Style, Rehabilitation of modern architecture, Modern building materials, German modern architecture, Verseidag Silk Factory.

Issue 56
Year 2017
Pages 16-25
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/56.A.3F4YITQA

Abstract
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's personal and professional connections to his hometown Aachen in Germany are mostly unknown today. Through the analysis of both old and new written and graphic sources, the authors give an insight into Mies van der Rohe's lifelong bond to his hometown. In the personal friendships, his friends Ferdinand Goebbels and Franz Dominick play a key role. Furthermore, the paper presents previously unknown buildings that young Mies was working on in the office of Albert Schneiders around 1905. One of the buildings, the house “Zur Neuen Welt” for client Joseph Oeben, is still standing and represents a lively example of the stylistic search in architecture after the turn of the millennium, and an early step towards Mies van der Rohe's architectural maturity.

Keywords
Modern Movement, Modern architecture, Mies van der Rohe, International Style, Rehabilitation of modern architecture, German modern architecture, Zur Neuen Welt, Albert Schneiders.

Issue 56
Year 2017
Pages 6-15
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/56.A.AGQZYXUS